NZWDT research at Kaikoura showed that sperm whales change their behaviour when whale watching boats and planes are around. For example, we discovered changes in the amount of time whales spend at the surface and their breathing rate. Other reactions included sudden turns, changes in speed and sudden dives. A whale coming to the surface to breathe can expect a visit from a whale watch boat about 40% of the time in summer. In response, the Department of Conservation has extended the moratorium on approving new whale watching permits by a further 10 years.